AmaKwayi ngamaTshawe angcwele

Ndithi bekumele ukuba uSiyabulela Mqikela wenze uphando olubanzi malunga nalo mcimbi wobuKumkani bamaXhosa.

Ngumcimbi ofuna ukuphathwa ngobunono lo, nanjengoko ubalulekile kwisizwe samaXhosa. Ukusukela ukususwa kukaKumkani uGando isizwe samaXhosa saba sisizwe esingenagunya lakuvota kwilizwe labo.

Isizwe esabanjwa sagutyulwa ubunganga namalungelo aso ngamakoloniyali nenkqubo yobandlululo.

UTshawe osisinyanya kuKumkani uNgconde wathathela kuye igunya lokuba yiKumkani yesizwe samaXhosa ngokuvunyelwa sisizwe ngenxa yempazamo zomntakwabo uCirha.

UTshawe nguye owasungula ubuKumkani bamaXhosa ukusuka kubeNguni nekwathi umkhosi wabo waziwa ngokuba ngamaTshawe eyathi yaziwa ngokukhalipha kwayo.

UJan Van Riebeeck watyala iflegi yamaDatshi eMzantsi Afrika ngomhla wesithandathu kwinyanga kaTshazimpunzi ngo1652. UKumkani uNgconde wayeyiKumkani yamaXhosa ngelo xesha.

UKumkani uNgconde wamisela umthetho wokugqithiswa kobuKumkani emva kokubhubha kwayo. Ngelo xesha eyona nkokheli inobunganga ibithatha isikhundla sokuba yiKumkani.

UGando waba yinkumanda yomkhosi wekomkhulu. Ngonyaka ka1660 uKumkani Ngconde wanikezela ngobuKumkani bamaXhosa kunyana wakhe uZikolesizwe, Ziko ogama limbi lingu Gandowentshaba ‘Gando’ngamafutshane. UKumkani Gando walawula njengeKumkani yesi sizwe samaXhosa, waza wazibalula ngokujijisana nokungenelela kwabaseluhlangeni okokuqala kwintshona yomlambo iBushman.

Indibanisela ngokwentlalo yesizwe samaDatshi namaXhosa yabangela ukuba balalane. Intsingiselo yeli gama lithi kwaai ngokwesiDatshi, ibonisa inkuthazo kwimikhosi kaGando.

UKumkani uGando waliguqula eli gama languKwayi libonisa ukunika imbeko. Kuye kwabakho imfazwe phakathi kukaTshiwo noGando malunga nobukhosi emva kokubhubha kukaNgconde, uTshiwo waphumelela kwelo dabi. Isizwe samaXhosa saye sabanjwa ngobhongwana ngamaDatshi emva kokoyiswa kukaGando nguTshiwo.

Oku kwenza ukuba amabutho kaTshiwo asebenzisane namaDatshi ukukhusela ubunganga bawo nokuthathwa kolawulo lomhlaba ngamaDatshi. Emva kokoyiswa kukaGando nguTshiwo igama elithi Kwaai lasetyenziswa ngendlela echaza ukoyiswa kohlanga lusiya kumgangatho wabantu abangena bukhosi.

Ayikho enye intsingiselo yeli gama esiXhoseni nakulo naluphi ulwimi lwangaphandle, ngaphandle kokuba laliphuma kulwimi lwamaDatshi.

Oku kwabonisa ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo ukuba amaDatshi ayeqhogene namabutho kaTshiwo ukuze akwazi ukuphila nokukhulisa ifuthe labo lezopolitiko eMzantsi Afrika ngenjongo zokuzuza kwintsebenziswano norhulumente wamaDatshi.

UTshiwo wabhubha esemncinci, ngethuba wayeye kuzingela kumahlathi aseQokoma kwingingqi yaseMqanduli, engashiyanga nyana wokuba athathe isikhundla sakhe.

Kulinyala kwisizwe samaXhosa, abaThembu namaBomvana ukuba indoda ingene okanye ilale umfazi kuquka umhlolokazi kwisiduko esinye, nokuba abasondelelenanga kakhulu, nokuba abadibenanga ngegazi.

UMdange owayesebenzisana noGando wavumela uLibele wamaNtakwende ukuba angene umka Tshiwo ukuze kuvele umntwana kaTshiwo. UPhalo wazalwa emva koku engenalo igazi lobuTshawe, ukuba abeyinkokheli yamaXhosa.

UPhalo uzele uGcaleka noRharhabe ukuba ibengabo abathatha ulawulo kwiMpuma nakwiNtshona yeGreat Kie River ngenxa yokuba amakoloniyali ayefuna la mhlaba ngenjongo zokunikisa ngawo kubunganga babaphathi bangaphandle.

Ngokusetyenziswa kwendlela zokupapasha ubuvuvu zathi ngokusebenzisa abefundisi nababhali bencwadi zesikolo, zathi -ndi kulo lonke iingxelo zokuba buchithiwe ubuKumkani bukaGando. Oku kwenzeka nangona iziseko zomthetho ngokwesilatini zibonisa ukuba iKumkani ayibhubhi.

Kwincwadi yakhe ethi Reaction to Conquest uMonica Hunter uyakuqinisekisa ukuba iNkosi iyazalwa ayibekwa, oku kubhalwe kwiphepha lamakhulu amathathu namashumi asibhozo anesine ale ncwadi.

Isolotya 211 no 212 lomgaqo-siseko weli loMzantsi Afrika nakumthetho olawula iiNkosi kweli iTraditional Leadership and Governance Framework Act 41 wonyaka ka2003, ogunyazisa ukuba iiNkosi zibuyele kubunganga bazo bentlonipho nesidima nanjengoko kwakunjalo phambi kokungena kwabaseluhlangeni. Ngaphezu koko amaKwayi namaTshiwo avumelana ngomhla weshumi elinesibhozo kwinyanga yeSilimela ngonyaka ka1998 ukuba bohlulwe kumnombo kaPhalo kaTshiwo, apho kungazange kuvunyelwane nganto malunga nomhlaba.

Ikomishini kaNhlapho yafumanisa ukuba ubuKumkani bamaKwayi bukhona kwangaphakathi kobuKumkani bamaXhosa, nto leyo ethi isizwe samaXhosa siquka amaKwayi, abe wona amaKwayi eyiphikisa lo nto, esithi aphuma kwindlu yamaTshawe, hayi kumnombo kaTshiwo kaPhalo.

AmaKwayi avuselela ubuKumkani bamaTshawe obulahlekileyo ngokusebenzisa incwadi yam endisandula kuyipapasha esihloko sayo sithi The Constitutional Revolution of amaKwayi kaNgconde eshicilelwe ngabakwa Harry Printers eMonti.

Kumele ukuba ifundwe nakanjani ngamaKwayi le ncwadi.