Indlela yokuphuma nemali ebonakalayo yomhlalaphantsi

Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo siye sajonga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukunceda ugcine imali eyaneleyo yokuthatha umhlalaphantsi ungekho phantsi ngoxinizelelo.

Nangona kubalulekile ukufumana imali eyoneleyo xa usondela kwiminyaka yakho yomhlalaphantsi kubalulekile, kukwabalulekile ukuba usebenze ngobulumko ngokulondoloza kwakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali yomhlalaphantsi ayipheli.

Njengoko sisondela ekupheleni kochungechunge lwethu ngokucwangcisa umhlalaphantsi, amanqaku ambalwa okugqibela aya kujonga ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukunceda ukulawula ngocoselelo ukugcinwa kwakho komhlalaphantsi. Ukuqala, siza kucubungula ezinye zezinto eziphambili ezixhasa inkqubo yokuthatha umhlalaphantsi.

Ukuqonda oko ukuba bathetha ukuthini kunye nendlela abasebenza ngayo, linyathelo lokuqala ukuze bakwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga neemali zakho zexesha elizayo.

Zeziphi iindlela ozikhethayo xa ufuna umhlalaphantsi?

Ukuba ulilungu lengxowa yomhlalaphantsi, unokukhetha ukuba:

Thatha isinye kwisithathu(one-third) somvuzo wakho wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi njengemali yentlawulo yemali kwaye usebenzise inzuzo eseleyo ukuthenga isibonelelo esinikezelwa ngumhlalaphantsi (esibizwa ngokuba yi-annuity); okanye usiyeke isixa semali kwaye usebenzise inzuzo epheleleyo ukuthenga i-annuity. Ubuncinane bomyinge we-annuity okwangoku nguR247 500. Oku kuthetha ukuba inzuzo yakho yomhlalaphantsi ingaphantsi kwexabiso lemvume, ungavunyelwa ukuthatha inzuzo epheleleyo ngemali.

Imithetho yokuthatha umhlalaphantsi kwiProvident Fund iyahluka kancinci. KwiNgxowamali yokubonelela unokuthatha i-100% yengeniso yakho yomhlalaphantsi njengesixa semali. Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokuthatha imadlana kunjalo, (okanye uthathe isigqibo sokungathathi kwamali ezinkozo), inzuzo eseleyo iya kufuneka isetyenziswe ukuthenga i-annuity.

Kubalulekile ke ukwazi ukuba urhulumente ucinga ukutshintsha imithetho malunga nokuhlawulwa kweeNgxowamboleko zeProvident Fund ukusuka ngomhla we-1 Matshi 2018, ukuba zihambelane nezePensions kunye nePension Annuity Funds.

Ziziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-annuity?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezibanzi onokukhetha kuzo, i-Living Annuities kunye ne-Gauranteed. Apha ngaphantsi yinkcazelo ekwinqanaba eliphezulu lezinto eziphambili zeemveliso ezimbini:

Ii-Annuties eziphilayo (Living Annuities)

Kwi-Annuity ephilayo unayo inzuzo kunye nokuguquguquka kokukhetha utyalomali oluthile olwenza ixabiso lomgaqonkqubo wakho. Uvumelekile ukuba ukhethe inani lemali engenayo oyifumana ngokuqhelekileyo evela kwi-investments – oku kuphakathi kwe-2.5% -17.5% yexabiso elipheleleyo ngonyaka, kwaye unokutshintsha le pesenti kanye ngonyaka, ngonyaka wesikhumbuzo sokuqala kwepolisi yakho. Xa usweleka, abaxhamli bakho bayakuzuza kwimali yakho eshiyekileyo. Ixabiso leLiving Life Annuity aliqinisekanga kwaye luxhomekeke kutyalomali lwakho kunye nemali yakho yomvuzo engenayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ubeka emngciphekweni imali yakho ngokuhamba kwexesha xa ingalawulwa ngokuchanekileyo.

IAnnuities eqinisekisiweyo (Gauranteed Annuities)

I-Annuities eqinisekisiweyo yenzelwe ukuhlawula imali ngentsalela yobomi bakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuba uhlala ixesha elingakanani. Ziye zithengiswa ziinkampani ze-inshorensi xa uthenga ishorensi ngempumelelo (kunokuba utyale imali yakho yonke yomhlalaphantsi). Ingeniso oyifumanayo isekelwe kumanani amaninzi, njengokuba umgcini-inshorensi elindele kangakanani ukuba uphile kunye nohlobo lwe-annuity oyithengayo. Ngenxa yokuba inshorensi iqinisekisa ingeniso yakho, umvuzo wemali uhlala uphantsi kakhulu xa uthelekiswa nemilinganiselo ephezulu engenayo efunyenwe kwi-Living Annuity. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mngcipheko wokuba ungadlulisa umvuzo wakho emva kokufa kwakho akukho ntlawulo kubaxhamli bakho, nangona kukho iinketho ezithile ongazongeza kwimigaqonkqubo yakho (kwi-premium) ukuvumela abaxhamli bakho ukuba baqhubeke befumana ingeniso emva kokudlula kwakho emhlabeni.

Zeziphi iirhafu eziza kufuneka uzihlawule?

Nangona isabelo somvuzo wakho womhlalaphantsi othenge ngaso i-annuity (okokusebenzisa ukuthenga i-annuity) ayikho phantsi kwerhafu, ingeniso oyifumanayo kwi-annuity ihlawuliswa ngokusekelwe kwiminyaka yakho kunye nemali engenayo.

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokuthatha isixamali sentlawulo yomhlalaphantsi, isixamali eso siyakutsalwa imali yerhafu nesifunyanwa kwirhafu ekwingxowamali yeRhafu yengxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi okanye uluhlu lwerhafu yenzuzo. Okwangoku, i-R500 000 yokuqala ihlawuliswa kwi-0%, emva koko isixa sentlawulo sihlawuliswa kumaqela angu-18%, i-27% ne-36%. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba irhafu isetyenziswe kwisiseko esibalulekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-fund yangaphambili yomhlalaphantsi yomvuzo, isibonelelo semali kunye nezibonelelo ezithile zokunciphisa unokuthi ziqwalaselwe xa zibala i-tax tax account.

Isishwankathelo, kukho into onokuyiqwalasela xa usenza isigqibo malunga nesithuba somhlalaphantsi. Ukwazi ukuba okanye ungathathi isabelo semali ngexesha lomhlalaphantsi okanye ukuba yeyiphi inkokhelo yokuthenga i-annuity yokuthenga engaba nzima. Ngexesha elingasentla linikezela ngophawu oluphezulu lwezinye zezinto eziphambili, yinjongo efanelekileyo ukubonisana nomcebisi wezezimali ozimeleyo ukuseka isicwangciso sokuthatha umhlalaphantsi esilungileyo (kunye nentsapho yakho).