Isikhumba senkomo saseNoni

Soloko abantu bandithe mba bendibuza ukuba le nto yesikhumba senkomo saseNoni ithetha ukuthini na. Namhlanje ke nantsi impendulo.

UKumkani uNgubengcuka

AbaThembu sesinye sezizwe ezathi zamkela iLizwi lobuKrestu elalihanjiswa ngabeLungu phakathi kwezizwe eziNtsundu kwaphambi komnyaka wowe1875 wokuhlonyelwa kwelizwe laseTranskei eKoloni, lihluthwa kulawulo lweenkosi.

UMfundisi uRichard Haddy waba ngumfundisi wokuqala ukufika ebaThenjini, wafikela kuMhlekazi uNgubengcuka ngowe1830. UNgubengcuka nguye owamema abefundisi beLizwi eRhini ukuba bafundise abantu bakhe ngeBhayibhile nako konke okwalandelayo.

UNgubengcuka wafikelwa nguMoya kaThixo owakhokelela ukuba abamkele abefundisi beLizwi likaThixo basakunyathela kumhlaba kayisemkhulu, wabamkela bephuma eRhini. Wayethanda ukumisa ubukhosi babaThembu bume bumile bungabinakuxengaxengiswa nto naphakade nakwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.

Bathe abefundisi xa beseNywarha eDutywa kwathiwa bangumkhosi wamaNgoloti, kwathiwa nabaya abantu abangathi ngabasemzini, uhlanga olungaqhelekanga, kwathunyelwa amaphakathi akomkhulu abahlangabeza, kweziwa nabo bade bawela kwelo zibuko elilungelene naloo lali yakuMbanga, phantsi kwaloo Ntaba yaseNoni.

Kungayo loo mini kanye awathi umfo wasemaNdlaneni ogama linguNdlambe wayiwisayo inkabi yenkomo egwangqa, kusamkelwa uMfundisi uRichard Haddy ngegazi; uthe omnye umfo xa esimka nesikhumba saloo nkomo yakhalima inkosi uNgubengcuka ukuba eso sikhumba masombelwe emaxhantini, khona ukuze le nto inkulu kangaka ingemki kubaThembu; yiyo le nto nanamhlanje lo mzi kaNgubengcuka uzaliswe ziiMishini zamabandla ngamabandla.

Ukususela ngoko yaba luhlololwane isifundisi esiMhlophe esalandelayo: emva koRichard Haddy kufike uRev Davis, emva kwakhe yanguRev. Thomas, emva kwakhe yanguRev. Peter Hargreaves, emva kwakhe yanguRev T Chubb, emva kwakhe yanguRev. T.A. Chalker, emva kwakhe yanguRev. A.J. Lennard, emva kwakhe yanguRev. C.C. Harris.

Mandilitsho livakale ukuba lemishini yasekwa apha eMgwali ngabefundisi abaMhlophe baseWisile noNkosi uNgubengcuka asiyeyokuqala ukubakho apha eTranskei. Yona yaba yimishini yesithathu ukwakhiwa.

Abefundisi baqala kuKumkani uHintsa wamaXhosa eGcuwa apho kwafika uMfundisi William Shaw ngowe1825. Loo cawe yaba sisakhiwo sokuqala sedolophu yaseGcuwa.

Icawe yesibini yamaWisile apha eTranskei yamiswa kumhlaba wamaBomvana phezu komlambo woMdumbi nguMfundisi William Shepstone. Ukuze kuzo kufikwa apha kulo mhlaba wabaThembu nje ngowe1830.

UMfundisi uJ.C. Warner ngomnye wabefundisi bokuqala abafikayo kwaNgubengcuka, wafika kunye noMfundisi uRichard Haddy, yena wadluliselwa eXhalanga. Nalapho ubuye wedlula waya eXonxa, kuGqebenya apho lalise likhona iKomkhulu labaThembu. AbaThembu bambeka kwindawo yakuDubeni.

Lo mfo kaWarner wafika ethetha kakhulu isiXhosa baze abaThembu bade bamqhula bathi : “Yinkosi engabekwanga!”

Ukususela oko kwathi kwamkelwa iLizwi leNkosi ngesikhumba senkomo saseNoni ngabaThembu, iinkosi zabaThembu zasoloko zisondele eCaweni. Iinkosi zabaThembu zasoloko ziphambili kwizinto zenkqubela nasekuphuhliseni intlalo.

Ithi imbongi uSt Page Yako xa izoba ukulala kwaloo nkabi yenkomo yaseNoni: Eyath’ukugxwala kwayo phezu koMandebe, Kwath’ukuphokoka komphunga wayo, Nolwimi ilurhole lujingajinga, Ivuz’izinkcwe, iphum’umphefumlo, Zavuleka iingcango zezulu gangalala, Ukuze abantwana bakaZondwa babenendawo!”

UKumkani Dalindyebo

Kuthe ngethuba lokulawula kukaKumkani uDalindyebo, kuyo yonke imizi yakhe eTyhalarha, eBumbane, eMatyengqina naseMqhekezweni wofika kumiswe indlu yeCawe. Kanti uMhlekazi uDalindyebo wayenganeli nje ukumisa izindlu zeCawe, wayeyithanda inkonzo ngokwakhe. Njengomntu owayenesiqu emkhulu, wayesithi xa sukuba ehlatyiwe liLizwi likaThixo ayokuzilahla esihlalweni sofele, kunjalo nje wayede azigibisele kuvakale isithongakazi ekuweni kwakhe.

UDalindyebo yikumkani eya kuhlala inebala elihle kubaThembu. UManyano loMzantsi Afrika lomnyaka wowe1910, lwenzeka ngethuba lokulawula kukaKumkani uDalindyebo Mtirara kwisizwe sabaThembu, apho ke kwakumanyana amaphondo amane angala: Iphondo laseKapa; Iphondo laseNatala; Iphondo laseTransvaal; Iphondo laseFreyistata.

UKumkani uDalindyebo yenye yeenkosi zabaThembu ezazinenkqubela kakhulu. Ngethuba lokulawula kwakhe isizwe sabaThembu wayesiphethe kakuhle ngemvano noxolo. Kungethuba lokulawula kwakhe apho kwathi kwaphuhliswa kucandwa ngokutsha isixeko saseMthatha nedolophu yaseNgcobo. Ngethuba lakhe wathi wakha izikolo eziliqela phakathi kweendawo ezihlala abaThembu.

Phambili phaya ingekabikho iFort Hare le; iseyiLovedale yodwa eneHigh School kwizikolo ezikhulu kweli laseKoloni, uMhlekazi uDalindyebo waqala esakhe isikolo phaya eTyhalarha, isikolo esasibizwa ngokuba yiDarlingsdale College. Kwakufundisa kweso sikolo ingcaphephe eyayifunde eMelika, umfo kaMaxeke nenkosikazi yakhe uCharlotte Maxeke; apho ke kwakufundiswa izifundo ezinjengezi: Latin; Mathematics, Physical Science, njalo njalo.

Kuthe ke ekusekweni kweNdlu yeeNkosi ngumbutho weANC, uKumkani uDalindyebo wayeyenye yeenkosi ezaziphambili ezingamalungu ayo. Le Ndlu yeeNkosi yasekwa ngomhla wesi8 Disemba 1912, xa kwakusekwa lo mbutho oza kulwela abantu abaNtsundu ababecinezelekile. Iinkosi ezazikule ndlu: UKumkani Dalindyebo wabaThembu; Kgosi Montsioa waBarolong; Kgosi Lewanika waBorotse waseZambia; Kgosi Letsie waseLusuthu; Kgosi Khama wabeTswana; UKumkani Marhelane wamaMpondo; Kgosi Moepi waBakgatla; UNkosi Dinuzulu wamaZulu waqukwa njengeLungu lale Ndlu nangona ubukhosi bamaZulu babubhangisiwe yena eyokubekwa phesheya kweLigwa (Transvaal).

Ezinye zezinto ezenzeka ngexesha lakhe lokulawula yaba kukusekwa kweBhunga laseMthatha ekwakusithiwa xa libizwa yiTranskeian General Council – lasekwa ngexesha lokulawula kwakhe. Ukhanyo nenkqubela yaseNtshona kubaThembu lwafika ngexesha lokulawula kwakhe.

Walila wonke umzi wabaThembu nezizwe ezingabamelwane, nezizwe zaphesheya kolwandle zalila zakuva iindaba ezibuhlungu zokuba uKumkani uDalindyebo uswelekile ngomhla wama22 Epreli 1920. Lahlokoma lonke ilizwe lakuva iindaba zokuba uswelekele ekhayeni lakhe eMatyengqina, enye yeelali zaseXhwili kwisithili saseMthatha.