Ndicela ukucaciselwa ngembali kaNtu

Ilizwi lomfundi esimxabisileyo weSolezwe lesiXhosa lifike lisithi, ‘Ndicela imbali kaXhosa phambi kwexesha laseMbo, kuba kaloku ikho indawo esaphuma kuyo njengabaNtsundu, ithini yona into kaKumkani uJebheyane owenza ubukumkani bakwaNtu.

Kwakhona ithini imbali yobutywala. Lithetha ntoni eli gama malunga netyhefu? Ithini imbali yomqombothi? Wafika nini kweli lethu. Usiza nabani, kuba kuthiwa amaXhosa ayesebenzisa amasi nerhewu.’

Umbuzo wakho ulula kodwa ke usekeleze kakhulu kwintshukumo yezifundiswa ekuthiwa kukubuyiswa kweAfrika, apho kulandelwa khona iimfundiso zomseki wemfundo uBooker T. Washington kumaMelika aNtsundu awayesuka kweli lizwe leAfrika, awathi athengiswa ngamaArabhu kubeLungu njengamakhoboka.

Zathi ke izifundiswa zeli lizwe ukuqala kokuqhekeka kwabaNtsundu kwicawe zabeLungu zathumela abantwana bazo eMelika. Babuya ke ngoku sele besazana nabanye abantwana abaphuma ngaphandle koMzantsi Afrika sele begcwele nobuthandazwe, bokufuna ukubonisa ukuba umntu oMnyama unobunganga angamogqitha umLungu.

Into eyabambi ke kule ntshukumo kukuba yalandela kakhulu ekhondweni lamasiko nezithethe zasemLungwini, yazilahla tu izithethe zabaNtu. AbaNtsundu abafundileyo bahlanjwa iingqondo zagutyulwa ubuntu, babona ukuba eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngamasiko esiLungu neelwimi zasemLungwini.

Ngolu hlobo, amaXhosa anezithethe zawo zokusela utywala. Utywala ngabunye obusilwayo bunesizathu obusilelwa sona nemiqathango yendlela yokubusela engafani neyesiLungu.

AmaXhosa ayasila kuba efuna ukuba apha endlini kunganuki malongwe; ayasila kuba esenza imihlinzeko nemisindleko yomntu othile (esamkela okanye ekhapha).

Ayabusila utywala obuyintselo nje yokukhumbulana, okanye utywala becamagu apho bakhumbula abalele ukuthula. Ukuze uyazi imbali yotywala besiXhosa kufuneka wazi isiXhosa namasiko aso kuqala. Kunjalo nje phambi kokuba kuselwe kuhlatywa ikhwelo kuye wonke umntu okhoyo ukuba amamele eve xa exelelwa ukuba utywala obo bobantoni na.

Utywala besiXhosa abuthengisi, kunjalo nje xa kuselwa utywala besiXhosa akuhlaliwa nje utyhatyhiwe novulazibhuqe. Umntu uyayazi indawo yakhe, kuhlaliwa ngokwezilimela. Amadoda ngokwamaxesha aluke ngawo, nabafazi bahlelana ngokokwenda kwabo.

Utywala besiXhosa butyiwa nangumntwana ongekakwazi nokubeka unyawo. Utywala besiXhosa abuyotyhefu. Xa kuphekwe izidudu zotywala ziyaphakwa kutye kude kutye nomntwana osatya inembe nosesebeleni.

Xa sele bulungile buyalawulwa kwabelwe nabahluzi abangamakhwenkwe nabadidiyeli abaziintombi utywala ekuthiwa yintluzelo. Abafazi nabo bayakhutshwa endlini balawulwe bephandle xa utywala ibutywala nje, kuba bathethela phezulu, kodwa kobesiko babalapha endlini baze kungqina.

Xa kuselwa utywala besiXhosa kuvunywa iingoma, into leyo enqandwayo esigqobhokeni nasesiLungwini. Lilonke le mibuzo yakho isekeleze kwimbali zeendywala zezinye iintlanga ezingadibenanga nesiNtu.

Imbali yesiNtu ayibaliswa ngokwesiLungu, isiNtu silandela ithende lesiNtu. Igama elithi Afrika asilogama lesiNtu, ndiyavuma yintshukumo ezama ukumanya abaNtsundu, kodwa lona ligama uAfrika lelesiRoma, lafika nabeLungu.

NguJan van Riebeeck owafika wathi, ‘Suid Afrika,’ xa ebiza eli lizwe. Ndingatsho ngomzimba ongenaxhala ukuba isininzi sabantu abashumayeza * ‘Mayibuye iAfrika,’ baphuma kwicala lezifundiswa. Amaqaba awazinto ngeAfrika nomayibuye iAfrika.

Kwicala ke lembali kaNtu, abantu abanalwazi ngoNtu banolwazi ngembali yezizwe zabo, ngolu hlobo: amaZulu athi umuntu/bantu, amaXhosa athi umntu/bantu, abeSuthu bathi motho/batho. Kuthe ngenxa yeentshukumo zokufuna kwezifundiswa ukuthathela kuzo iidolophu zabeLungu namasiko abeLungu kwathiwa igama elithi abantu maliyekwe liyacalula, makuthiwe singamaAfrika njengoko xa kubizwa amaBritane kusithiwa, ‘British,’ naxa kubizwa amaIndiya kusithiwa, ‘Indians’.

Kwathiwa nakuthi makuthiwe, ‘Africans,’ ukuze kucace umgangatho wethu wemfundo nengqondo etyhilekileyo. Yiyo le nto ubona yonke igenge efundileyo izithiyile iilali, kuba ngokokwazo iilali zisesebuqabeni azilandeli.

Abantu abafuni kunukiselwa ngumle nemisi yamalongwe. Baxoka ulwimi etywaleni abantu abathi utywala besiNtu yityhefu, ityhefu ngamasiko esiLungu abawabambileyo nabawabaxayo. Bubuxoki ukuba abantu bakwaNtu bakhe ababusela utywala basela amasi odwa.

Amasi anemithetho yokuselwa kwawo eyahlukileyo ekuselweni kotywala. Enye into oze uyazi kukuba phambi kokufika komLungu sasingenabuchule bokwazi ukuba kukho iintlanga ngeentlanga ezihlala kwiindawo ezithile, sasijongene kuphela nemihlaba ephambi kwethu.

Sasijonga kuphele amehlo ngokusuke kudibane umhlaba nesibhakabhaka. NgumLungu oweza nobucukubhede bento ekuthiwa yi ‘map’ ebonisa imida ngemida yeentlanga ngentlanga. Endikwaziyo ngoNtu kukuba umLungu ogama linguGqr. W.H.J. Bleek wathi ngokufunda uphimiselo lwamagama wafumanisa ukufana kwesiqu * ‘Ntu’ xa kuthethwa ngomntu kwezi zizwe zilandelayo, waze waphetha ngelithi zi ‘Bantu Groups’.

Iintlanga ke eziwela kwiqela ekuthiwa zii ‘Bantu Groups’ kuquka ezi ntlanga ndizidwelisileyo: AmaXhosa, amaZulu, amaNdebele, amaSwazi, abeSuthu, abeTswana, amaVenda, amaTsonga, abaTshopi, amaTshangana, amaHerero, amaOvambo, amaNdonga, amaKwanyana, amaKwambo, abantu baseUganda, abaseKenya, abaseTanzania, abaseZambia, abaseMalawi, abaseMozambique nabaseZimbabwe.

Xa ndithetha inyaniso le emsulwa owona mcelimngeni ojamelene nembali yesiNtu kukuba yonke into enembali yethu isekelezwe kakhulu esiLungwini. Luncinci ulwazi izifundiswa ezinalo lwezithethe, imithetho namasiko esiNtu, isiXhosa ngokwale meko.

Imbangi yoko kukuba abeLungu babefuna ukwenza abaNtsundu izicaka zabo zikanaphakade, babantywilisela kwizithethe zabo. Ubungqina kukuba kukhe kwaxokozela lonke eloMzantsi Afrika ngokusuke iintombi zamaqaba ziye kukhuphisana kumxhentso wenkciyo ebezimenywe kuwo.

Zithe zakubonisa le nto iyinkciyo nendlela enxitywa ngayo kwathiwa ziyaxhatshazwa, kodwa zizo ezithande ukuba ziqhayise ngesithethe sakwamawazo ezisaziyo nezikhule ngaso.

Kwicala likaJebheyane owakhe ubukumkani bukaNtu andikahlangani nembali yakhe kuphando lwam.