UMangaliso Sobukhwe: Ithole leAfrika

Inyanga kaCanzibe yeyona nyanga ihlonitshwe kakhulu kwilizwe leAfrika. Kaloku ngale nyanga kubhiyozelwa ubuAfrika; ubuntu bama-Afrika; ingqiqo yobuAfrika; ubomi bama-Afrika kwanendlela aphila ngayo ama-Afrika.

Oku kusukela kwinto yokuba iMbumba yaMazwe eAfrika yasekwa kule nyanga kaCanzibe, umhla wama25, kumnyaka ka1963.

Ngenxa yoku kubhiyozelwa kwemontlalo yama-Afrika lizwekazi lonke, kuye kwathi qatha engqondweni yam elinye lamathole eAfrika elalibuphila ngokungahanahanisiyo ubuAfrika, lowo ke ngubawo ongasekhoyo, uRobert Mangaliso Sobukhwe.

Kweli binza ndithi mandikhumbuze isizwe sakowethu ngalo xholovane weqhawe lomzabalazo wenkululeko eMzantsi Afrika nakwizwekazi leAfrika ngokubanzi.

Ubawo uSobukhwe lithole lomgquba elizalwa kwela phondo leendwalutho neenkokheli zegazi, iMpuma Kapa, kula mhlaba womileyo umthuqwasi kodwa unempahla emfutshane etyetyisiweyo iRhafu.

Nabani na oyilandelayo imbali yezopolitiko, wazi mhlophe ukuba ubawo uSobukhwe ngomnye weenkokheli ezadontsa iminyaka esiQithini eRobben Island, ekunye noobawo uMandela, ooGovan Mbeki, ooTshwethe, ooMakwethu nabanye.

Zimbini ke ezona zinto zindichukumisileyo ngalo m-Afrika. Eyokuqala yileyo yokuba ibe nguye yedwa ekuthiywa ngaye isolotya okanye isiqendu esisemthethweni sokuvalelwa komntu yedwa eziseleni, avalelwe kuqinisekiswa ukuba akadibani tu kwaphela nabanye abantu kwanamanye amabanjwa.

Eneneni ke ubawo uSobukhwe ngum-Afrika wokuqala kwabo babepolitika besilwela inkululeko yomntu ontsundu owathi emva kokubanjwa kwakhe, wavalelwa kwindlu eyodwa ukuze angadibani namanye amabanjwa.

Uphando endilwenze kumagqala nakooxholovane bakaPoqo, luveza ukuba isizathu sokwenziwa kwakhe ikheswa esiQithini yayikukuba ngoyena wayesoyikwa ngurhulumente welo xesha.

Oku kumoyika kwabangela ukuba lo rhulumente abe nexhala lokuba xa enokuyekwa abe kunye namanye amabanjwa ezopolitiko, angawajika ingqondo akholelwe ngakumbi kwingqiqo yobuArika.

Xa kunjalo ke, kucacile ukuba kwezo nkokheli zazivalelwe esiqithini, ubawo uSobukhwe ngoyena wayephume izandla ekuthetheni abantu beve, akwazi ukubajija ingqondo, batsho bakholelwe kwaye balandele izimvo zakhe.

Oku kuthetha kwakhe kutsho kulandele abantu, kwabonakala nakwiimeko ezimbini kwimbali yesizwe sakowethu.

Kuloo ndyikityha yokufa yaseSharpeville ngomnyaka ka1960, imbali ithi kwakuphume nothathatha kusatyelwa ikhwelo likaSobukhwe nezinye iinkokheli zomzabalazo ukuze kuyiwe kuliwa nokuphathwa kwencwadi yesazisi eyayibizwa ngedompasi ngabantu abantsundu.

Ngangendlela awayekhaliphe ngayo ubawo uSobukhwe, mhla amapolisa oondlebe zikhany’ilanga ayeze kubamba abantu kolo qhankqalazo, le nkokheli yabonisa ubukroti obungumangaliso ilandela igama layo, yazinikezela ukuba kubanjwe yona kuqala.

Ubukroti nobuciko obugqwesileyo bukaSobukhwe ikwabubo obamambesa ngewonga lokumenywa zezinye iinkokheli ezisulungekileyo zeAfrika, ukuba aye kuba sisithethi sembeko kumsitho wokusungulwa ngokusesikweni kweMbumba yaMazwe aseAfrika (Organisation of African Unity) ngomnyaka ka1963. Iinkokheli zomgquba namatshantliziyo eAfrika afana noKwame Nkrumah; Haile Selassie; Mualimu Julius Nyerere; Gamal Abdel Nasser nezinye, zazilapho.

Kudlwabevu lwentetho awalenzayo apho umntakaSobukhwe wawumela ngokugqibeleleyo uMzantsi Afrika, ingakumbi umzi ontsundu, wathetha wawashiya ama-Afrika encumile, exolile, echukumisekile, kwaye enethemba lokuba iAfrika iza kumanyana ngakumbi, kwaye ibe nekamva eliqaqambileyo eligxile kubunye bawo onke amazwe nezizwe zeAfrika.

Awanakulibaleka amazwi kabawo uSobukhwe kuloo ndibano, amazwi awayesithi: “Masikuthathe njengoxanduva oluphambili lwesizwe ngasinye eAfrika, ukuba kuyilwe iMbumba yamazwe aseAfrika engagungqiyo, ukusuka eKapa ukuya eCairo, ukusuka eMorocco ukuya eMadagascar, izwekazi lethu libe nolawulo olunye oluza kujongana neengxaki zezwekazi lethu, kuphele obu buntsalu buza kusixabanisa nokuza kubangela izwekazi lethu libe buthathaka.”

Ilishwa ke lelokuba nangani la mazwi ahlaba kwiintliziyo zabaninzi, iinkokheli ezininzi kunanamhla eAfrika, zisasebenzisana kungenjalo zisaxhomekeke kumazwe aseNtshona naseMpuma kwihlabathi.

Kude kube buhlungu xa ufumanisa ukuba amanye wamazwe aseAfrika, uqoqosho nombuso wawo uyilwe waze watywina ngamazwe angoozungul`ichele aseNtshona. Ngale nyanga yokubhiyozelwa kwezwekazi leAfrika, nonke ma-Afrika amahle, niyacelwa nizikhumbuze ngamazwi kaMangaliso, niyacelwa nizikhumbuze ngengqiqo kwanobukroti bukaRobert Mangaliso Sobukhwe.

Eli lithuba mawethu, lokuba ezikolweni zethu, nkqu nakwezo zasemzini afundisa kuzo ama-Afrika, abalisele ulutsha ngegalelo likabawo uRobert Mangaliso Sobukhwe kwidabi lenkululeko eMzantsi Afrika!

Umoya wakho mawuphile ngonaphakade “Prof Sobukhwe!”