Ngamaziko olwazi kuphela anegunya lokuvelisa ulwazi?

Umbhali: Thiyane Duda

“Akukho nkanga iduba ingethi.” Hayi, mfundi andiphazamanga. Lo ngumbhalo oxhonywe kwikhasi lika-Instagram leStellenbosch University Language Centre, @sulanguagecentre. Iqhalo elililo lithi, “Akukho nkanga idubula ingethi.”

Omnye umntu unokucinga ukuba yinto encinci le, yimpazamo nje enokwenziwa nangubani na. Kodwa xa siyiqwalaselisisa le ngxaki ibonisa ukungaxabiseki kweelwimi zesintu kunye nabantu bazo. IYunivesithi yindawo ezigwagisa ngokuba ngumthombo wolwazi. Ngokuba kulapho iingcinga zikhuliswa ziqanduselwe khona.

Oku ke kukuthi okukubhalwa ngwenxa kweliqhalo leliziko asinto incinane kuba iilwimi zesintu, eziquka isiXhosa, sezijongene nomngeni wokulahlekwa bubunzulu nobugcisa bazo ngenxa yokungaxabiseki phantsi kwenkqubo yoorhulumente bengcinezolo.

Nangona mva nje kukho umnyenyevu wokukhula kwezifundiswa ezisebenza ngeelwimi zesintu kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo, ezilwimi azikafumani mhlaba uchumileyo kuyaphi. Nkqu nephulo lokugutyula ubukoloniyali kuncothulwe nolwamvila labo, luqhutywa ngesiNgesi amaxesha amaninzi.

Mihla le liyakhula inani labantwana abangakwaziyo ukufunda nokuthetha iilwimi zesintu. Hayi ke wona amaqhalo, aya enqaba kwintetho yethu yemihla ngemihla. Apho asetyenziswe khona, wofika esaphulwa ebhudwa amaxesha amaninzi, kunye neentsingiselo yawo.

Andifuni nokuyibeka ke eyokungabi nalwazi kwethu ngentsusa yawo. Uthi uW.B. Rubusana kwincwadi yakhe ethi, “Zemk’ iinkomo magwalandini,” eyapapashwa yiLovedale Press ngo1906, “Ukuthetha ngamaqhalo nezafobe ngowona mongo wobuciko kuzo zonke iintetho zezizwe, kuba ngawo kuvakaliswa iinyaniso ezinkulu nezinzulu ngentetho emfutshane kakhulu.” Naye uRubusana eliqhalo ulibhale ngokuba, “Akukho nkang’ idubul’ ingethi.”

Eyona nto ikhalazisayo nangaphezu kokubhalwa gwenxa kweliqhalo, yindlela eliziko elithe laziphatha ngayo xa uluntu lukhala, lusithi eliziko malilungise lempazamo. Endaweni yokumamela okanye livule ingxoxo, eliziko lisuke lavala indawo yokuhlomla kwikhasi lalo lika-Instagram, waphela umdlalo.

Lombhalo ndiwuboniswe ngumhlobo wam kweyoDwarha, naye ekhwankqiswe yilendlela libhalwe ngayo eliqhalo. Xa usiya kwelikhasi, uyakufika lombhalo ukhatshwa lilizwi lentombi elifunda eliqhalo ngalendlela libhalwe ngayo.

Umbuzo wokuqala endizibuze wona, ibengowokuba, yena lo ufundayo ebengaziva okanye ebengaboni ukuba ufunda into ebhalwe gwenxa? Kuyavakala ukubetha kolwimi lomfundi ukuba isiXhosa usincance ebeleni. Oku kuvelisa izinto ezimbini; mhlawumbi umfundi wonganyelwe ngabaphathi bakhe, bamnyanzelisa ukuba afunde lento ibhaliweyo. Okanye kwayena mfundi akalazi eliqhalo.

Kwakhona ndifike ku-Instagram weliziko sekukho iqela labantu eselihlomlile likhomba ukubhudwa kweqhalo liziko. Uninzi labahlomli ingabantu abathetha isiXhosa, ngokokubona amagama abo nokubhala kwabo ngolwimi lwesiXhosa. Nam ndalekile kubo, silibongoza eliziko ukuba ilungise lempazamo.

Kudlule ixesha elingangeveki ndaphinda ndayakukroba; hayi, ndafika lengxaki inga lungiswanga, intombi isakhala ngokuduba kwenkanga. Kwelityeli ndiqonde ukuba mandiyicacise ukuba ukuduba kukuhlupha okanye ukuphazamisa, inkanga yona iyadubula.

Nalapho nditsho ndisaleka kwaselebeyikile lengcaciso. Omnye wabahlomli ude angxole ngelithi iziko malimamele lihloniphe abanini bolwimi xa belixelela ukuba iqhalo lilibhale gwenxa, atsho esikhuthaza ukuba siyimele lento.

Hayi mntakabawo, laqina enyaleni iziko, lisithi zimbini iindlela zokuthetha okanye zokubhala eliqhalo, nto leyo endingazange ndayiva nasemdudweni wamasele. Ngoko ke le ayixoxi ayixabanisi, yinto engekhoyo.

Kwakhona uphinde uzibuze mfundi, ukuba impazamo eloluhlobo igqitha njani kumehlo eziko omsebenzi walo ikukujongana neelwimi? Impendulo inye, iziko alikhathali ngolwimi lesiXhosa.

Kwelikhasi uyakufumanisa ukuba eliqhalo liguqulelwe esiNgesini nasesiBhulwini. Ezinguqulelo zona zilibeka ngokukuko iqhalo. Uzibuze ke ngoku ukuba yenzeka njani into yokuba iqhalo libhalwe yaye lifundwe gwenxa ngolwimi oluvela kulo, kodwa libhalwe kakuhle kwiilwimi eliguqulelwe kuzo?

Iziko landule lasikhomba kwiphepha likaAndiswa Mvanyashe, elithi “[i]siXhosa proverbs and idioms as a reflection of indigenous knowledge systems and an educational tool”; lisithi kulapho lilithatha khona eliqhalo.

Eliphepha libhalwe ngesiNgesi lapapashwa kwijenali yezifundiswa, iSouthern African Journal for Folklore Studies, vol 29, number 2, 2019. UMvanyashe naye ulibhudile iqhalo, nangona elichanile kuguqulelo esiNgesini nangokwentsingiselo nentsusa yalo.

Kweliphepha uMvanyashe uhlalutya namanye amaqhalo nezaci zesiXhosa. Wona uwabhale kakuhle, into ebonisa ukuba kwenzeke impazamo kweli. Kodwa kwakhona oku kuphakamisa umbuzo wokuba impazamo enje idlule njani kubahleli bejenali? Ingaba oku kubonisa ukungakhathali ngolwimi lwesiXhosa? Okanye ijenali leyo ihlelwe ngabantu abangathethi isiXhosa?

Kodwa ke nokuba isizathu sithinina, lempazamo inobungozi kulwimi lwesiXhosa. Iijenali ziindawo ekuthathwa kuzo ulwazi kuba zithenjiwe ngokuqinisekisa ulwazi ezilupapashayo. Ukuba lempazamo ayilungiswa, uluntu luzakuyithatha ngokuba lulwazi olululo, yindlela eliqhalo elibhalwa ngalo. Lo nto ke iyakuba negalelo ekubulaleni isiXhosa.

Kwakhona lempazamo iyakhalisa xa ijongwe malunga nomxholo wephepha likaMvanyashe, okukuvelisa ulwazi neendlela zemveli zokufundisa. Ukuba uMvenyashe, eliziko nejenali aziyilungisi lempazamo, ziyakuba ziphanzile iinzame zikaMvenyashe. Lempazamo iyalubulala ulwazi lwesiXhosa endaweni yokuliphuhlisa.

Le mpazamo kaMvenyashe ndiyikhankanyile ku-Instagram weliziko, lasuka iziko lavala indawo yokuhlomla, yaduka yonke ingxoxo ebisenzeka. Oku kuvusa umnyele kuba ngokwenza ngoluhlobo eliziko libulala ulwazi, yaye liphakamisa ubungangamsha bombhalo ngaphezu kolwazi noncwadi lwemveli.

Linika umbhalo ubungangamsha ngoku sele ugwenxa. Kwakhona oku kuyahlabana nenjongo yephepha likaMvenyashe, ekukuphakamisa ulwazi neendlela zokufundisa zemveli.

Kwakhona ukuthathelwa phezulu kweendlela zaseNtshona zokushicilela ulwazi ngaphezu kwezemveli yenye yeembono zobukoloniyali ezisafuna ukugutyulwa.

Kulemihla ngenxa yamakhasi onxibelelwano ulwazi neengxoxo ngolwazi aziseyonto ifikelelwa zingcungcu ezizifundiswa kuphela. Eli ibilithuba lokuvula ingxoxo phakathi koluntu nezifundiswa.

Eliziko ngelize noMvenyashe ngaphambili, waxoxa noluntu ngeliqhalo, ze ukuba siyavumelana ngokuba wenze impazamo ngendlela alibhale ngayo, enze izilungiso kumbhalo wakhe okwijenali.

Kodwa ke kuyabonakala ukuba iStellenbosch University Language Centre isadla ngendebe endala, izibona iyiyo nezifundiswa kuphela ezinolwazi olululo.

Asinalo na thina igunya, njengabanini bolwimi, lokungenelela iingxoxo ngolwazi, siphikise apho sibona kwenziwe gwenxa khona? Ingaba eligunya lelezifundiswa kuphela? Kuthiweni ke ngoku xa izifundiswa zenze impazamo?