Imbali yobukhosi bamaTshawe kaXhosa

Kwimbali yobukhosi nobukumkani bamaTshawe ininzi into engahambi kakuhle nengangqinelaniyo nomnombo kaXhosa ngokuzalwa.

Umnombo wobukhosi bamaXhosa onke athetha isiXhosa wahlukile kumnombo wobukumkani nobukhosi benzala yendlu kaTshawe (Lusibalukhulu)/Xhosa.

Ngokwencwadi kaJB Peires, The House of Phalo ithi, “Two notes on terminology: by “Xhosa”, I mean only those people who claim descent from an ancestor named Xhosa that is the amaGcaleka namaRharhabe of the present day. Other people usually classified as Xhosa- speaking, for instance the Thembu, Mpondo, Mpondomise, Bhele, Zizi, Hlubi, and Bhaca have long and proud histories of their own”. “I would also like to thank everyone, Xhosa and others, who received me kindly during the period I did fieldwork, and particularly those who offered me hospitality over extended period: Chief T. Sigcawu of Jujura of Willowvale–”.

Le nto wayixelelwayo lo mbhali bubuxoki kuba uGcaleka noRharhabe abasosizukulwana bengezondlalifa zikaXhosa, bangamaGcaleka kaTogu kaZulu lo wabonwa kuloo manxweme phaya ngo1686 ngexesha lolawulo lukaKumkani uThembu kaNgcwangu kweli lakwaXhosa, wona umnombo wamaGcaleka ngokubhalwe kwincwadi kaDr W.B Rubusana, kuZemk’ iinkomo magwalandini, uthi uQhayingana into kaDlakiya, yakwaLamla, umphakathi obezalwa ngumphakath’ omkhulu kaRhili uyise, “amaGcaleka la aphuma kwaCetywayo kwiNkosi enguZulu.

UTogu, into kaZulu, ngaphaya koMgungundlovu, kwaTshaka” kuthiwa isizathu sokumka kukaTogu wathi, uyise engekho eyokucela iinkomo esizweni sakhe, wasuka uTogu wabamba inkomo wayixhela kwezikayise, ukanti ubamba irhwexwana elibomvana elibizwa ngokuba “yinkabi yeentonga zamadoda, oko kukuthi yinkabi esisilunga saKomkhulu, kuba ibifana nenkomo yobulunga.

Uthe akuyibona imposiso ayenzileyo waqula amaphakathi wayixela le nto esithi “Mzi ndiwile, ndiyakubulawa yinkosi yakufika, kuba ndithe kanti ndingazi nje, ndixhela isilunga sakomkhulu ngoko ke ndiyemka kulo mzi,” Undulukile ke neqela lamadoda, wahamba ezingela iinyamakazi wada waza kuma ngoMzimvubu, apho afele khona.

Ufe eshiya uNowa unyana omkhulu. UNowa lowo uzele uTshawe unyana omkhulu. UTshawe lowo ufele eWilo emazantsi eNgqungqu. UTshawe ushiye uTshiwo inkulu yakhe.

UTshiwo uzele uPhalo into yakhe enkulu. UPhalo uzele uGcaleka into yakhe enkulu, yanguRharhabe ukunene. Indlu yasekunene ibingento ikhoyo kwiinkosi zangaphambili, iqale kule nkosi inguPhalo, kuba kuTshiwo into ibikho ibingamaqadi emabini, elikhulu ibinguDange, elincinci inguHleke.

Uthe ke akufa uGcaleka washiya uKhawuta inkulu, ukunene yanguVelelo. UKhawuta ke uzele uHintsa, ukunene yanguBhuru (itsonyane ke elo) UHintsa uzele uSarili, ukunene yanguNcaphayi, uSarhili uzele uSigcawu, ukunene yangumCothoma, USigcawu uzele uGwebinkumbi, ukunene yanguXhelinkunzi.

UGwebinkumbi ngulo wayeyiNkosi yamaGcaleka ukubhalwa kwale ncwadi. Imi ngolu hlobo imbali ngomnombo wamaGcaleka namaRharhabe: umbuzo ngowokuba iphi inzala nendlu kaNgconde, uphi unyana wakhe uZikolesizwe Gandowentshaba, bangena ndawoni bona ooNtinde, nooGwali kuba abavelanga nje kwaphela nabo kumaGcaleka?

Uthetha ukuthini uPeires xa esithi “the line from Ngconde a Togu is included to make sense of the genealogical connections.” Yinyani kuba akaveli kumnombo wamaGcaleka njengenzala kaTogu”. Lo ngunobangela olahlekise izindlu nezizwe ezininzi kuba ngumnombo wobuxoki. Nanku omnye umnombo “Ndumiso Bhotomane was a Gcaleka headman in his book, The Tongue Is Fire 31-47. Mr. Bhotomane seems to be confused in this genealogy initially, but he straightens it out. This is the precise way Mr. Bhotomane expressed it”: “Xhosa ke wazal’ uMalangan’…uMalangana ke wazala uMalandela…uMalandela wazala * – uNkosiyamntu…uNkosiyamntu wazal’ uTshawe…uTshawe wazala- wazala uS- * – * – uMa- una-wazala uSikhomo…uSikhomo wazala-uSikhomo wazala-* – uTshiwo- * – uTshiwo-uSikhomo wazala uTogu…uTogu..”.

Ngokwembali uMalandela yindlu kaZulu, uzalwa nguZwide ngo1627 eMgungundlovu apho wangcwatyelwa khona, akadibenanga nendlu kaXhosa.

Lo Sikhomo kumiwe ngaye ukuba ngunyana kaTshawe okanye unyana kaNgcwangu, nguTshangisa ongunyana kaSikhomo, wayeliMpondomise waguquka wangumXhosa emva kwemfazwe yobukumkani ngokujikela indlu kayise yamaMpondomise encedisa uTshawe (Lusibalukhulu), akazalwa nguNgcwangu okanye uTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) ngokhukho, engamelanga ukuba kumnombo wobukumkani bukaXhosa.

Ukunene kukaNtu (Nguni) wazala uZulu kwindlu enkulu, noXhosa ekunene. UXhosa wazala uMalangana, uZizi, noSuntu, (abancinci), uMalangana wazala uNgcwangube ozele uNkosiyane, ozele uNkosiyamntu, ozele uCirha, uJwara, uTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) noQwambe.

Izindlu zikaXhosa ngooMalangana, ooNkosiyamntu, ooTshawe (Lusibalukhulu), ooNgcwangu, ooThembu bakaNgcwangu, ooNgcwangube, ooNkosiyane bakaNgcwangube, ooCirha, ooJwara, ooQwambe, ooZizi bakaMalangana, ooSuntu, ooKhwemnte, sisizukulwana sikaXhosa ke eso, iinkosi zomthonyama abantwana bomgquba wakwaXhosa.

Umnombo wobuKumkani bamaXhosa uhamba ngolu hlobo: – NguNkosi uXhosa, uNkosi uMalangana, Nkosi uNkosiyamntu, uKumkani uTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) kulapho buqale khona ubukumkani kwaXhosa, kwalandela uKumkani uNgcwangu, uKumkani uThembu kaNgcwangu, ukukhothama kwakhe uKumkani uThembu kaNgcwangu kulapho babiwa khona ubukumkani bamaTshawe kaTshawe(Lusibalukhulu), obebufanele ukuthathwa nguJantyi Ngcwangu osisizukulwana sikaTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) ukumkani uThembu ushiye uPrince Jantyi Ngcwangu, yena washiya uPrince Bebi Ngcwangu, yena washiya uPrince Noyo Bebi, uPrince Gayeli Bebi, noPrince Sikhoji Bebi abangasekhoyo (mabalale ngoxolo) bona babezalwa yintombi yakwaHala kwindlu kaMaya, ooMadiba abaThembu bakaDlomo.

Ndiza kukhe ndinabe kancinci ngendlu kaPrince Noyo Bebi, Aah!!! Janayi, uSigaxa sakuloXolani maGando ihashe elingwevu, udud’ enkundleni ngehlombe labafazi, ebenafazi ababini, umfazi wendlu enkulu nguNolimithi intombi kaFudukile Marman ozalwa nguNkosi uThezaphi, umGcina, uXhamela unina kaNolimithi yintombi yasemaMpondweni, uThahla kaNdayeni kaFaku, umzukulwana wasemaNgwevini ooRhudulu kwaBhebha, uzele uPrince Desmond Malusi Bebi-Ngcwangu uBangikhaya isikhahlelo, okwangusihlalo weKing Ngcwangu Royal Council noPrince Justice Mthetho Bebi nabanye.

Umfazi wendlu yasekunene yayingumaMfene ongasekhoyo (makalale ngoxolo) ushiye ezele abantwana abalishumi abangamadodana odwa, basweleka bonke besebancinci kwasala uPrince Mdywibiba Bebi yedwa.

UPrince Desmond Malusi Bebi-Ngcwangu Aah!!! Bangikhaya unabafazi ababini, umfazi wendlu enkulu nguNozuko intombi yaseMavundleni, ooBhayi, ooCamsholo, ezalwa yintombi yaseMabheleni ooKhuboni, ooLanga lokulunga, ngumzukulwana kuMaNdlangisa uElizabeth Mahlangu kwaNdebele yena uzele uMaxhob’ayakhawuleza Axola, Aah!!! Zwelihlangene noPrince Sisanda.

Umfazi wendlu yasekunene owayeyintombi yakwaSibakhulu ooNdlovu zidlekhaya kodwa ngoku bohlukana eshiya ezele iintombi ezintathu uPrincess Ntandokazi, Nomxolisi noEsethu.

Ithi imbali ngokubhalwe nguKeith Smith, Genealogy of the Tshawe the Royal Xhosa Clan “Ziko Gandowentshaba succeeded King Ngcwangu as a Paramount Chief in Thembuland, a Sovereinty succession in 1700,” kulapho ukhoyo umonakalo kubukumkani bukaNgcwangu kuba ngokwekhaya kwakufanele ukuba kungena uPrince Jantyi ongunyana kaThembu ebukumkanini bamaXhosa, koko amaKoloniyali axokomezela indlu yabaThembu bakaNgangelizwe (Paramount Chief) kubukumkani bukaNgcwangu, logama amaGcaleka nawo ebanga ukuba asisizukulwana sikaXhosa osisinyanya sikaKumkani uNgcwangu, bathi uTogu uzalwa nguSikhomo, uSikhomo uzalwa nguNgcwangu ngokomnombo wabo obubuxoki.

Izizwe zamaKhoi ezazikho zaziquka i(Inqua, Hoengique, Hottetots, Gona, Dama, Chainnoqua) nezinye zizimele zinobukhosi bazo. Izisele zenyathi zithi kwathi ukukhothama kukaNkosi uNkosiyamntu, uNkosi uSikhomo onguyise kaTshangisa kaRhudulu kaNdunu owayelibambela kubukhosi bamaMpondomise waxhokonxa umzi kaXhosa ngokusuka amise uTshangisa unyana wakhe ukuba abeyiNkosi yamaXhosa endaweni kaCirha, akavumanga uCirha ebanga ubukhosi bakokwabo, kodwa waqhubekeka uNkosi uSikhomo.

Uthe akubona ukuba uyohlulakala uCirha wangenelela kuloo ndawo uTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) ehlangula yaye ekhusela umzi nobukhosi bukayise obabuthathwa ngumalume wakhe uSikhomo, wayithathela kuye imfazwe ngokuboxutha ngendlondlo ubukhosi kumaSikhomo/ amaMpondomise waqhubekeka ngemfazwe yobuKumkani, wagqugqisa zonke izizwe endizikhankanye apha ngasentla, ezazimi kumhlaba kaXhosa ngelo xesha, uTshangisa uthe akubona ukuba akungangabo waguquka wancedisa uTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) wajikela uyise ongumzi wamaMpondomise eze engamenywanga, uTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) wazoyisa zonke ezo zizwe, zavuma okokuba ngenene nguye ukumkani wazo.

Zininzi izizukulwana zendlu kaXhosa ezidibene twatse ngegazi kodwa xa kunamhlanje azazani zilahlekene ngenxa yale minombo imisiweyo yobuxoki. UTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) ebephila ngo1500-1600s yena ke uTshawe kaNowa lo wamaGcaleka yintanga kaSabe wamaMpondomise kuba ithi “isigigaba ke esehla ke ngexesha likaSabe kukufika kwezigidimi ezazivela kuTshawe i- ukumkani wamaGcaleka wamaXhosazafika ezi zigidimi zizokumcela okokuba makancediseuTshawe ulwanom- nomntakwabo ogama linguCiraingenguye uCira lo wamaMpondomise uCira waseXhosenikuSabe unyana kaCira wathi amaRudulu lamakas’ ke angabisagoduka uSikhomo wasemaMpondomiseni akadibananga nalaa Sikhomo wamaXhosaowamaXhosa uSikhomo ngokaNgcwanguuSikhomo lowa semaMpondomiseni”.

Yena uCirha noTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) balwe kamva kuba uCirha efuna indawo yakhe yobukhulu kuTshawe, (Lusibalukhulu) akavuma uTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) yaqhubeka imfazwe yabo, wohlulwa uCirha wabalekela koomalume bakhe kumaMpondo. UKumkani uTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) ukhothame engekawukhululi umhlaba nobukhosi awayewuthembise uSikhomo/Tshangisa.

Ukumkani uTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) wangcwatyelwa ekhayakhulu eyayilikomkhulu kuNtsibakazi eMzimkhulu ingekabi phantsi kophondo lakwaZulu.

UKumkani uNgcwangu uthe akungena esihlalweni sikayise sobukumkani wawukhulula umhlaba nobukhosi bukaSikhomo/Tshangisa owayewongwe ngawo nguTshawe (Lusibalukhulu). Waphuma uSikhomo/Tshangisa emaTshaweni ehamba neqela labantu wayokuzimela ubukhosi kuloo mhlaba wawunikwa nguTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) sele engeloMpondomise engumXhosa.

Yiyo loo nto amaMpondo ngokwembali yawo esithi xa ethetha ngaye athi nguSikhomo kaNgcwangu, ayinguye lo wabo wamaMpondomise kuba bamhlamba ngenxa yesenzo sakhe.

Izindlu ezinjengezi – amaBaca, amaGcaleka namaRharhabe, amaBomvana, amaMfengu, amaMpondo, amaMpondomise, noXesibe, abaThembu bakaDlomo zii (sub-groups) zikaXhosa ezafika sele bulwelwe ubukumkani nomhlaba kulawula uKumkani omnye wamaTshawe kaTshawe (Lusibalukhulu) jikelele kwaXhosa.

Kuxokomezelo olwagunyaziswa ngabelungu kwiiNkosi ezinkulu (Paramount Chiefs) ezamiswa ngabo, besebenzisa amagama afanayo nawezaa Nkosi neekumkani zangaphambili, umzekelo kukho uThembu kaNgcwangu/kaXhosa kubekho uThembu kaDlomo ooMadiba, kubekho uTshawe kaNkosiyamntu kuphinde kubekho uTshawe kaTogu kaZulu yonke loo nto ilimaze ibulala ingqiqo, ukuqonda nokuzazi ngobuzwe, ngeziduko nemvelaphi yethu thina sizukulwana sikaXhosa.

Namhlanje eso isizukulwana sezo Paramount Chiefs sizibiza ngokuba ziiKumkani. Makubechosi kubehele mzi kaXhosa kaMalangana kaNkosiyamntu.

Camagu!!!